Overall, 23% of pilot errors were attributable to inattentiveness, 20% to flawed decisions, 18% to mishandled aircraft kinetics, and 18% to mishandled wind/runway conditions.
Age-related differences in the pattern of pilot errors were statistically insignificant. Pilot error was a contributing factor in 73% of the crashes involving younger pilots and in 69% of the crashes involving older pilots (p = 0.50).
Crash circumstances, such as time and location of crash, type and phase of flight, and weather conditions, were similar between the two age groups. A total of 165 crash records were studied, with 52% of these crashes involving pilots aged 50-63 yr. Comparisons of crash circumstances and human factors were made between pilots aged 40-49 yr and pilots aged 50-63 yr. NTSB's investigation reports were reviewed to identify pilot errors and other contributing factors. Crash records of the study subjects for the years 1983-1997 were obtained from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) by matching name and date of birth. A historical cohort of 3306 pilots who in 1987 flew commuter aircraft or air taxis and were 45-54 yr of age was constructed using the Federal Aviation Administration's airmen information system. This study examines age-related differences in crash circumstances and pilot errors in a sample of pilots who flew commuter aircraft or air taxis and who were involved in airplane or helicopter crashes.
Experimental studies using flight simulators indicate that due to decreased working memory capacity, older pilots are outperformed by their younger counterparts in communication tasks and flight summary scores. Pilot errors are recognized as a contributing factor in as many as 80% of aviation crashes. Li, Guohua Baker, Susan P Lamb, Margaret W Grabowski, Jurek G Rebok, George W Human factors in aviation crashes involving older pilots.
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